Packages kept back

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Avron

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Hello all,

When running at-get update and then upgrade, it says there are 4 packages kept back:

(sorry my system is in French, perhaps I shouldd do something to have graphical interface in French but terminal messages in English)

Les paquets suivants ont été conservés :
linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic rdnssd
0 mis à jour, 0 nouvellement installés, 0 à enlever et 4 non mis à jour.

When searching about this, I came across https://askubuntu.com/questions/601/the-following-packages-have-been-kept-back-why-and-how-do-i-solve-it so I decided to try apt-get --with-new-pkgs upgrade

david@albert:~$ sudo apt-get --with-new-pkgs upgrade
Lecture des listes de paquets... Fait
Construction de l'arbre des dépendances
Lecture des informations d'état... Fait
Calcul de la mise à jour... Fait
Les paquets suivants ont été installés automatiquement et ne sont plus nécessaires :
libdrm-dev libegl1-mesa-dev libgl1-mesa-dev libgles1 libgles2-mesa-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libglvnd-core-dev
libglvnd-dev libiptcdata0 liblensfun-data-v1 liblensfun1 libnih-dbus1 libopengl0 libpthread-stubs0-dev
libqofono-qt5-0 libqt5concurrent5 libqt5multimediawidgets5 libqt5opengl5 libqt5opengl5-dev libqt5xmlpatterns5
libwayland-bin libwayland-dev libx11-dev libx11-doc libx11-xcb-dev libxau-dev libxcb-dri2-0-dev libxcb-dri3-dev
libxcb-glx0-dev libxcb-present-dev libxcb-randr0-dev libxcb-render0-dev libxcb-shape0-dev libxcb-sync-dev
libxcb-xfixes0-dev libxcb1-dev libxdamage-dev libxdmcp-dev libxext-dev libxfixes-dev libxshmfence-dev
libxxf86vm-dev mesa-common-dev python3-axolotl python3-axolotl-curve25519 qt5-default qt5-qmake qt5-qmake-bin
qtbase5-dev qtbase5-dev-tools ubuntu-mobile-icons urfkill x11proto-core-dev x11proto-damage-dev x11proto-dev
x11proto-fixes-dev x11proto-xext-dev x11proto-xf86vidmode-dev xorg-sgml-doctools xtrans-dev
Veuillez utiliser « sudo apt autoremove » pour les supprimer.
Les NOUVEAUX paquets suivants seront installés :
linux-headers-4.15.0-134 linux-headers-4.15.0-134-generic linux-image-4.15.0-134-generic
linux-modules-4.15.0-134-generic linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-134-generic
Les paquets suivants ont été conservés :
rdnssd
Les paquets suivants seront mis à jour :
linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic
3 mis à jour, 5 nouvellement installés, 0 à enlever et 1 non mis à jour.
Il est nécessaire de prendre 64,8 Mo dans les archives.
Après cette opération, 328 Mo d'espace disque supplémentaires seront utilisés.
Souhaitez-vous continuer ? [O/n]
Réception de :1 https://archive.trisquel.info/trisquel etiona-updates/main amd64 linux-modules-4.15.0-134-generic amd64 4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7 [12,1 MB]
Réception de :2 https://archive.trisquel.info/trisquel etiona-updates/main amd64 linux-image-4.15.0-134-generic amd64 4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7 [8 036 kB]
Réception de :3 https://archive.trisquel.info/trisquel etiona-updates/main amd64 linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-134-generic amd64 4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7 [32,6 MB]
Réception de :4 https://archive.trisquel.info/trisquel etiona-updates/main amd64 linux-generic amd64 4.15.0.134.121+9.0trisquel5 [1 876 B]
Réception de :5 https://archive.trisquel.info/trisquel etiona-updates/main amd64 linux-image-generic amd64 4.15.0.134.121+9.0trisquel5 [2 680 B]
Réception de :6 https://archive.trisquel.info/trisquel etiona-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-4.15.0-134 all 4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7 [10,9 MB]
Réception de :7 https://archive.trisquel.info/trisquel etiona-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-4.15.0-134-generic amd64 4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7 [1 092 kB]
Réception de :8 https://archive.trisquel.info/trisquel etiona-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-generic amd64 4.15.0.134.121+9.0trisquel5 [2 592 B]
64,8 Mo réceptionnés en 24s (2 718 ko/s)
Sélection du paquet linux-modules-4.15.0-134-generic précédemment désélectionné.
(Lecture de la base de données... 262002 fichiers et répertoires déjà installés.)
Préparation du dépaquetage de .../0-linux-modules-4.15.0-134-generic_4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7_amd64.deb ...
Dépaquetage de linux-modules-4.15.0-134-generic (4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7) ...
Sélection du paquet linux-image-4.15.0-134-generic précédemment désélectionné.
Préparation du dépaquetage de .../1-linux-image-4.15.0-134-generic_4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7_amd64.deb ...
Dépaquetage de linux-image-4.15.0-134-generic (4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7) ...
Sélection du paquet linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-134-generic précédemment désélectionné.
Préparation du dépaquetage de .../2-linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-134-generic_4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7_amd64.deb ...
Dépaquetage de linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-134-generic (4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7) ...
Préparation du dépaquetage de .../3-linux-generic_4.15.0.134.121+9.0trisquel5_amd64.deb ...
Dépaquetage de linux-generic (4.15.0.134.121+9.0trisquel5) sur (4.15.0.132.119+9.0trisquel5) ...
Préparation du dépaquetage de .../4-linux-image-generic_4.15.0.134.121+9.0trisquel5_amd64.deb ...
Dépaquetage de linux-image-generic (4.15.0.134.121+9.0trisquel5) sur (4.15.0.132.119+9.0trisquel5) ...
Sélection du paquet linux-headers-4.15.0-134 précédemment désélectionné.
Préparation du dépaquetage de .../5-linux-headers-4.15.0-134_4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7_all.deb ...
Dépaquetage de linux-headers-4.15.0-134 (4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7) ...
Sélection du paquet linux-headers-4.15.0-134-generic précédemment désélectionné.
Préparation du dépaquetage de .../6-linux-headers-4.15.0-134-generic_4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7_amd64.deb ...
Dépaquetage de linux-headers-4.15.0-134-generic (4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7) ...
Préparation du dépaquetage de .../7-linux-headers-generic_4.15.0.134.121+9.0trisquel5_amd64.deb ...
Dépaquetage de linux-headers-generic (4.15.0.134.121+9.0trisquel5) sur (4.15.0.132.119+9.0trisquel5) ...
Paramétrage de linux-headers-4.15.0-134 (4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7) ...
Paramétrage de linux-modules-4.15.0-134-generic (4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7) ...
Paramétrage de linux-image-4.15.0-134-generic (4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7) ...
I: /vmlinuz.old is now a symlink to boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-132-generic
I: /initrd.img.old is now a symlink to boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-132-generic
I: /vmlinuz is now a symlink to boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-134-generic
I: /initrd.img is now a symlink to boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-134-generic
Paramétrage de linux-headers-4.15.0-134-generic (4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7) ...
Paramétrage de linux-headers-generic (4.15.0.134.121+9.0trisquel5) ...
Paramétrage de linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-134-generic (4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7) ...
Paramétrage de linux-image-generic (4.15.0.134.121+9.0trisquel5) ...
Paramétrage de linux-generic (4.15.0.134.121+9.0trisquel5) ...
Traitement des actions différées (« triggers ») pour linux-image-4.15.0-134-generic (4.15.0-134.138+9.0trisquel7) ...
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools:
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-134-generic
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub:
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub'
Création du fichier de configuration GRUB…
Attention : Définir GRUB_TIMEOUT à une valeur non nulle si GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT est définie n’est plus possible.
Image Linux-Libre trouvée : /boot/vmlinuz-5.9.12-gnu
Image mémoire initiale trouvée : /boot/initrd.img-5.9.12-gnu
Image Linux-Libre trouvée : /boot/vmlinuz-5.8.10-gnu
Image mémoire initiale trouvée : /boot/initrd.img-5.8.10-gnu
Image Linux-Libre trouvée : /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-134-generic
Image mémoire initiale trouvée : /boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-134-generic
Image Linux-Libre trouvée : /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-132-generic
Image mémoire initiale trouvée : /boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-132-generic
fait
david@albert:~$ sudo apt-get upgrade
Lecture des listes de paquets... Fait
Construction de l'arbre des dépendances
Lecture des informations d'état... Fait
Calcul de la mise à jour... Fait
Les paquets suivants ont été installés automatiquement et ne sont plus nécessaires :
libdrm-dev libegl1-mesa-dev libgl1-mesa-dev libgles1 libgles2-mesa-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libglvnd-core-dev libglvnd-dev
libiptcdata0 liblensfun-data-v1 liblensfun1 libnih-dbus1 libopengl0 libpthread-stubs0-dev libqofono-qt5-0 libqt5concurrent5
libqt5multimediawidgets5 libqt5opengl5 libqt5opengl5-dev libqt5xmlpatterns5 libwayland-bin libwayland-dev libx11-dev libx11-doc
libx11-xcb-dev libxau-dev libxcb-dri2-0-dev libxcb-dri3-dev libxcb-glx0-dev libxcb-present-dev libxcb-randr0-dev
libxcb-render0-dev libxcb-shape0-dev libxcb-sync-dev libxcb-xfixes0-dev libxcb1-dev libxdamage-dev libxdmcp-dev libxext-dev
libxfixes-dev libxshmfence-dev libxxf86vm-dev linux-headers-4.15.0-132 linux-headers-4.15.0-132-generic
linux-image-4.15.0-132-generic linux-modules-4.15.0-132-generic linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-132-generic mesa-common-dev
python3-axolotl python3-axolotl-curve25519 qt5-default qt5-qmake qt5-qmake-bin qtbase5-dev qtbase5-dev-tools ubuntu-mobile-icons
urfkill x11proto-core-dev x11proto-damage-dev x11proto-dev x11proto-fixes-dev x11proto-xext-dev x11proto-xf86vidmode-dev
xorg-sgml-doctools xtrans-dev
Veuillez utiliser « sudo apt autoremove » pour les supprimer.
Les paquets suivants ont été conservés :
rdnssd
0 mis à jour, 0 nouvellement installés, 0 à enlever et 1 non mis à jour.
david@albert:~$

I see that it has installed packages for a 4.15 kernel, while there is a 5.8 and a 5.9 kernel.

Was there any use to run the last command I have run?

In general, I am setting up a number of personal servers on that machine (it is permanently on) and I'd like to avoid breaking anything.

Magic Banana

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Joined: 07/24/2010

You can precede any command with 'LC_ALL=C ' for it to use the system locale (English). For example:
$ LC_ALL=C sudo apt update

Trisquel is a stable distribution: on a given version of Trisquel, the major version of any program (except the Web browser, but including the kernel) stays the same; only security updates and some bug-fix updates are proposed. Stability has value: it is extremely unlikely to get a broken system, except when the whole distribution is upgraded (every two years or so; you have years to choose when exactly).

Anyway, I do not deny the appeal of recent features in some programs. If you want, you can enable backports (a section of Trisquel's repository). And there is hardware enablement (mainly to have Trisquel support recent hardware), including the package named linux-image-generic-hwe18.04, which provides version 5.3 of the kernel. There are yet other ways to get newer packages on Trisquel 9: PPAs, Guix, Flatpak, etc. For a brand-new 5.10 kernel, you can follow the instructions on https://jxself.org/linux-libre/

I believe you added that repository and that you installed the packages linux-libre-5.8 and linux-libre-5.9, without properly reading Jason Self's instructions (his numbered packaged are not automatically upgraded when they reach their end of support). At least, that would explain why you have a 5.8 and 5.9 kernels. If it is the case, please tell it: Jason and I were actually privately discussing that behavior yesterday.

Both version 5.8 and 5.9 reached their end of support: you are not receiving any security updates for them! However you certainly run version 5.9 ('uname -r' would confirm it), because GRUB's default choice is the latest kernel! You should remove those kernels and either use Trisquel's default version (4.15), or if that version does not properly support your hardware (or if you need features introduced in recent versions of Linux) install either version 5.3 or version 5.10, as I explained two paragraphs above.

APT tells you to run 'sudo apt autoremove'. That command will remove the packages APT lists, which should now be unnecessary on your system: you will free save some disk space in this way.

Finally, I do not know why rdnssd is "kept" on your system. According to its description, "rdnssd autoconfigures recursive DNS servers on IPv6 networks using ICMPv6 Neighbor Discovery (RFC 5006), and can update the DNS resolvers configuration (/etc/resolv.conf) accordingly". Do you need it?

Avron

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Joined: 08/18/2020

Thanks for the very useful info.

Actually, I don't think it is me who installed this.

I attach history.log.4.z which is the oldest log from /var/log/apt as I am not that familiar with its contents.
It shows kernel 5.8 was installed almost from the begining, at least before I received the computer (from Vikings). I noticed the "Requested by: oem (1000)" that only appears for 3 operations, one of which has installed kernel 5.8.

The biggest system actions I remember doing myself are:
- upgrade to Trisquel 9, using the most simple command (that I don't remember)
- update/ugrade sometimes
- install guix (then I just installed glibc-locales as root and david, icedove and ungoogled-chromium as david, which I actually did not use much, I installed the name service cache as recommended in guix manual to avoid issues with different libc versions)
- installed seafile from the script on the web site
- added a ppa for google-drive-ocamlfuse, I searched a bit and it is a single package and the license seems to be MIT for everything, but this is the kind of addition I am thinking I should perhaps avoid
-added jami repository because I had a blocking bug with jami and they asked me to do a log with the latest version (but I did not have time to make the log and file the report yet)

The sources I have:
david@albert:/etc/apt$ cat sources.list
# deb http://archive.trisquel.info/trisquel/ flidas main

# deb http://archive.trisquel.info/trisquel/ flidas-updates main
# deb http://@SECURITYHOST@@SECURITYPATH@ flidas-security main

# See http://trisquel.info/wiki/ for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb https://archive.trisquel.info/trisquel/ etiona main
deb-src https://archive.trisquel.info/trisquel/ etiona main

deb https://archive.trisquel.info/trisquel/ etiona-updates main
deb-src https://archive.trisquel.info/trisquel/ etiona-updates main

deb https://archive.trisquel.info/trisquel/ etiona-security main
deb-src https://archive.trisquel.info/trisquel/ etiona-security main

# Uncomment this lines to enable the backports optional repository
# deb http://archive.trisquel.info/trisquel/ flidas-backports main
# deb-src http://archive.trisquel.info/trisquel/ flidas-backports main

# Linux Libre Freesh
# deb mirror://linux-libre.fsfla.org/pub/linux-libre/freesh/mirrors.txt freesh main # disabled on upgrade to etiona
david@albert:/etc/apt$ cd sources.list.d/
david@albert:/etc/apt/sources.list.d$ ll
total 8,0K
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 146 déc. 25 16:48 alessandro-strada-ubuntu-ppa-bionic.list
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 113 janv. 21 21:45 jami.list
david@albert:/etc/apt/sources.list.d$ cat alessandro-strada-ubuntu-ppa-bionic.list
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/alessandro-strada/ppa/ubuntu bionic main
# deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/alessandro-strada/ppa/ubuntu bionic main
david@albert:/etc/apt/sources.list.d$ cat jami.list
deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/jami-archive-keyring.gpg] https://dl.jami.net/nightly/ubuntu_18.04/ ring main
david@albert:/etc/apt/sources.list.d$

In general, I like the idea of minimizing any deviation from the standard repository and would be happy to use the default trisquel kernel but perhaps I should seek advice from Vikings before? My only plan in terms of hardware is to add 5 SATA disks as I plan to have this as my main file server (and use mdadm, that seems to be the tool to provide redundancy).

AnexoTamaño
history.log.4.gz 21.61 KB
Magic Banana

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I am a translator!

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Joined: 07/24/2010

# Linux Libre Freesh
# deb mirror://linux-libre.fsfla.org/pub/linux-libre/freesh/mirrors.txt freesh main # disabled on upgrade to etiona

That is indeed Jason Self's Linux-libre repository. As written in comment, it was "disabled on upgrade to etiona", Trisquel 9's codename. So, it is actually possible (and even likely) that the package named linux-libre was installed rather than linux-libre-5.8 and linux-libre-5.9. It proposes the latest version of Linux-libre, as soon as Jason publishes the related .deb package, every three months or so. Nevertheless, since the repository was disabled, you were not proposed version 5.10 and, I repeat, you are certainly using the 5.9 kernel, which does not receive security updates anymore.

In general, I like the idea of minimizing any deviation from the standard repository and would be happy to use the default trisquel kernel but perhaps I should seek advice from Vikings before?

You can see by yourself: simply reboot and, at GRUB's menu (you may need to press Shift or Escape to see it), select the latest 4.15 kernel. If you do not face any problem, you can simply remove the 5.8 and 5.9 kernels from the package manager. If your system does not work as well as before, you can try version 5.3, by installing linux-image-generic-hwe18.04. Or you can re-enable Jason Self's repository for Linux-libre. In the latter case, since you seem to prefer stability, you should remove the package named linux-libre and install instead the package named linux-libre-lts. In both cases, you will have version 5.10 installed, because the latest version is LTS. However, with linux-libre-lts, you will not upgrade to a new major version of the kernel every three months. Only to new LTS versions, every year.

Avron

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Joined: 08/18/2020

I did not manage to see the GRUB menu. I waited a while to see a short message with SeaBIOS showing me the option to select what to boot (2 options I don't understand or hard disk), but when it says "booting from hard disk" ESC doesn't seem to do anything.

You mentioned that GRUB takes the latest version available so in order to get a version that is maintained, I re-enabled Jason Self's repository for Linux-libre, removed linux-libre and installed linux-libre-lts.

I had once the mouse pointer disappear and keyboard unresponsive for perhaps two minutes, but it came back. I hope nothing will be wrong.

Magic Banana

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I am a translator!

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Joined: 07/24/2010

If you rebooted after installing linux-libre-lts, you should now run Linux-libre 5.10. The following command executed in a terminal should confirm it:
$ uname -r

To have GRUB's menu automatically appear:

  1. Open /etc/default/grub with administrative privileges in your favorite text editor (here pluma):
    $ sudo pluma /etc/default/grub
  2. Define GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE as "menu" (GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=menu, without space around "=") and maybe set a different number of seconds before the automatic boot, through the variable GRUB_TIMEOUT;
  3. Save the file and quit the text editor;
  4. Execute:
    $ sudo update-grub